Factors Influencing Online Banking Acceptance - 904 Words

Factors influencing online banking acceptance: 1. Security: (Joseph; Stone, 2003) have said that the internet deals with a huge number of various financial transactions like customer payments, securities transactions applications for insurance acquisitions or loans. The result of the intention of the internet is to be an open network which means a high security risks are implicated with financial transactions. Today, different techniques and standards are presented in order to control these risks. Basic requirements are as follows: customer and financial institution have to trust each other; private data have to be encoded. No third party can be able to quickly get access to the private information such as financial transactions; It necessary to be guaranteed that the receiver and the sender have the same intentions. Gautam and Khare (2014) also reference about security issues in online banking by saying â€Å"Security violation can be categorized as Violation with serious criminal intention, Violation by casual hackers or Flaws in systems design and/ or set up leading to a security violation. E-banking system users still face the security risks with unauthorized access† (Gautam and Khare, 2014). (Mohammad, 2008) has a study about the emerging gap between banks’ expectations (or at least what their written customer policy agreements imply) and users’ actions related to the security requirements of online banking, the study discussed the issue about using online bankingShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of Online Banking Usage Intentions: an Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model9543 Words   |  39 PagesANALYSIS OF ONLINE BANKING USAGE INTENTIONS: AN EXTENSION OF THE TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL By Amin, Hanudin Publication: International Journal of Business and Society Date: Wednesday, July 1 2009 ABSTRACT Purpose - This study is aimed at investigating the factors influencing the online banking acceptance in Kota Kinabalu, Northern Borneo, Malaysia. 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Software Testing in Auckland Companies Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Software testing in Auckland Companies. Answer: Introduction The software program testing is an activity that is carried out when it comes to analysing of the software quality along with enhancing it in relation to offering (guide to the software developers) (Ammann Offutt, 2016). The objective of the testing is too methodically in addition to a stepwise detection of the different classes of faults that are within the minimum amount of tie and with less amount of the effort. The software testing is a relevance element of the software quality assurance and also you will find variety of company in Auckland up to forty percent of their resources with regards to testing (Ammann Offutt, 2016). The modern software systems needs to be incredibly reliable along with correct. The automatic methods for making certain that the software program is right vary from the static techniques for example the type of the software examining or perhaps the static analysis, along with the dynamic methods for instance the testing . Each one of these techniques have strengths along with weaknesses , an illustration is the model checking which is automatic , comprehensive however it could suffer from the facet of scalability (Kasoju, Petersen Mntyl, 2013). On the other aspect the static analysis, scales to the substantial programs but they might offer spurious safety measures, whilst the testing alone possibly will miss on all the essential error since they will be inherently imperfect. It is very important note that the software testing must not happen by the end of the software lifecycle, but rather must happen in the identical to the development process (Cohen, Gibbons, Mugridge Colbourn, 2003). It relates to a lot time in addition to a wide range of effort even with the utilization of the automated software program testing applications (Chauhan Singh, 2014). The software testing is an extremely difficult task, because it is difficult to determine about how the software will malfunction particularly when it has been invoked towards the end users especially in the real world (Cohen, Gibbons, Mugridge Colbourn, 2003). It has been used in the verification as well as validation that the functional requirements have been met. The software testing ensures that the software design, the codes as well as the documentations are all met by a given organization or perhaps the external standards set by the software testing the bodies which governs. This research is intended to be undertaken on software testing in Auckland (Gelperin Hetzel, 1988). The research will provide an awareness of the process of testing the software particularly in Auckland. Additionally, it would provide the software developers as well as the stakeholders on the significance of the software testing, and the techniques of testing. Literature review The software testing process is the method for the software development lifecycle that has been used when it comes to detecting on the software failures early enough when the software is been developed to be able to correct on the software before it could be used by the end users (Au, Baker, Warren Dobbie, 2008). The software testing process entails the examination and the execution to the codes of the software and make sure it is functioning as required (Grundy, Ding Hosking, 2005). Based on Gelperin and Hetzel they had presented the evolution of the software test engineering that is traced through examining on the changes in the testing process model as well as on the level of the professionalism over the past decade. The two phase model such as the demonstration and the destruction models as well as the two life cycles like evolution and prevention models have all been provided in order to describe the growth of the testing of the software (Gelperin Hetzel, 1988). These authors have also explained on the prevention orientated testing methodology based on the models. According to Richardson and Malley they proposed approaches which focusses on the usage of the specification when it came to the selecting of the test cases (Kasoju, Petersen Mntyl, 2013). They highlighted on the specification based testing through extending on the wide range of the implementation based on the testing techniques which should be applied to the formal specification languages and be able to determine these approaches to the Larch specification languages. The origins of the literature on the software testing has dated back to the early 70s , testing was conceived like an art, and it was exemplified to be the destructive process through which there was execution of the program with the intention of finding the errors. It is during this period that Dijkstra who cited on the aphorism in regards to the software testing which could only show the presence of the faults, but rather not on their absence. In the 80s there was clearly supposition in relation to testing to the status of the engineered discipline, and there was clearly have to look at the alterations to the goals from just the error discovery to much more extensive together with positive view of the prevention. Nowadays development continues to be considered to be a vast along with continuous activity via the improvement process (Gelperin Hetzel, 1988). There have been a lot study designed in the early years but it has matured into methods along with tools which help in making test design contemplating to be more systematic along with incorporate it within the means of development. There has been numerous test that has recently been offered when it comes to the industrial adoption, among which the most desired model is the V and all its variant share the variation of the minimum unit, integration as well as the system levels for the testing. Research methodology In this research there was use of the web based survey as the selected way for the research because of its convenience along with greater efficiency. There was clearly sending of email with a link to the participant to have the ability to take part in the survey. Due to internet having access to that has already been common in individuals lives with most of the software company in Auckland possessing an electronic message address, an online survey evolved into the most desired over the other techniques. In spite of its downsides the online surveys are less expensive in addition to convenient, to both the respondents and researchers. The categories which were examined were on the software testing training and experience, existing software training methods, and when it should be done. The survey included both close ended and open ended questions. Findings and Discussion Based on the findings the testing methods as well as techniques in the Auckland appears to become more constrained because of the deficiency of the resources along with experiences to the developers. Most of the companies are adapting the manual testing. The manual testing is a part of the testing process, there is certainly a trend in the direction of the automated testing. The most popular testing that has been done by most of the organization is the black box testing to be able to ensure that the software program have worked correctly depending on the requirements. The techniques for example the inspections as well as the static techniques were much less used since they require a lot of time and experience from the developers. Further result reveal that as a result of time and the high cost, many of the software organization did not utilize fully on the software testing methodologies. Some organization highlighted that they did not use any given methodology but rather they used ad hoc testing method. How software testing is carried out in Auckland Based on the software requirement specification the task program is created. The accountability of the software program testers is usually to be in a position to produce the software test plan from the software program requirement plan and the task plan (Rushby, 2005). The developers generally begin to code from the layout (Patton, 2001). The project work is split up into the numerous modules and these modules of the project are circulated among the various developers. The responsibility of the tester should be to create a particular scenario and write the test cases depending on the assigned modules. The data could possibly be maintained manually in the excel test case template or perhaps the bug tracking tools. When the developers have finalized on the personal modules those modules are after that allocated to the testers (Rushby, 2005). There is certainly then carrying of the smoke testing that could be carried out on these types of modules and in the event it neglects on these te st, the modules are after that reassigned to the respective developers for almost any fix (Myers, Sandler Badgett, 2011). In the event of any passed modules, the manual testing might be carried out from created test cases. In the event that there is certainly any bug that could be found that could be assigned to the module developer and it might get logged in the bug tracking tool, the bug fix, there is a bug verification along with regression testing which should be carried out to the other related modules (Patton, 2001). If the bug passes the strategy of verification it will be then marked as a verified along with marked as closed (Myers, Sandler Badgett, 2011). The above pointed out bug cycle could become repeated. There are several tests that happen to be performed by the Auckland developers to the various modules in addition to integration testing on the module integration (Rushby, 2005). These tests could involves compatibility testing, which involves testing of the program on the various hardware, the software platforms, and the operating system versions. Additionally, there is the load testing which is one to the software requirement specification. The system testing is carried out through the creation of the virtual client environment, if it passes on this test cases, there is a test report which is prepared and a decision is taken for releasing of that particular product. existing software testing methods In the research survey it was clear that many of the developers in Auckland used functional testing as comparison to the structural testing. They carried out black box testing instead of the inner logic testing (Myers, Sandler Badgett, 2011). The black box is any specific device which has internal information and the functioning are not recognized or maybe designed for the users. It is the testing of the software program depending on the specifications along with the output requirements and without any type of knowledge of the coding or maybe the internal structure in the system (Kuhn, Wallace Gallo, 2004). The primary purpose of this methodology is to test about how well the method might comply with a particular requirements for the method. The black box testing carries little or maybe no know-how to the internal logical framework of the given program. It aim is to make sure that all the inputs have been properly accepted as well as the outputs have been produced correctly. White box testing the internal details as well as the structure are made to become visible (Richardson, O'Malley Tittle, 1989). This method is very efficient especially in detecting as well as resolving problems, since the bugs can be found before even they could cause problems. This method of testing software process could be regarded as the knowledge of the internal structure as well as the coding. The software needed to work well, therefore the functional testing was regarded as an important aspect by many developers in Auckland (Chauhan Singh, 2014). Many of the developers in Auckland acts as the testers in the software organizations and hence the structural testing, for example the unit testing was much common. Aspect as the integration, security as well as recovery testing was also highlighted by many respondents. Dynamic and static testing The dynamic testing involves the execution of the software program. This might consist of the box testing, white testing along with the hoc testing. In the study not every respondent pointed out they would do the black box testing however they also ticked the dynamic testing (Sung Paynter, 2006). This might reveal certain misunderstanding in relation to the conditions in the questionnaire or maybe some inconsistency which is within the software testing process (Majchrzak, 2010). This can be very evident in the literature exactly where the conditions were not used in a regular manner. Nevertheless, it is extremely distinct from the survey done just that the dynamic testing was the most typical compared to the inspection or maybe the static testing methods (Majchrzak, 2010). The technique of inspections, syntax and walkthrough could be time consuming and this might be the reason as to the reasons many developers in Auckland overlooked on these processes. Manual and Automated testing The automated method is becoming more popular but based on the results the manual testing is much more common in Auckland. One method used for automatic testing is the Ranorex (Richardson, O'Malley Tittle, 1989). This is a simple but yet a comprehensive as well as a cost effective tool which is used in the automatic testing. It is the best alternative as comparison to the other testing tools since it tests the programs from the perspective of the users, using the standard language and the common programming techniques such as the C+ and the VB.net (Hao Mendes, 2006). The method does not require any understanding of the scripting language, since it is coded in pure. Net code. Software testing strategies The software testing strategies integrate on different software test case design methodologies to the well planned series of the steps which result in the successful testing of the software (Hao Mendes, 2006). The software testing strategies are significant to testing. Some of these are as follows: Unit testing This is done at the lowest level. This testing is intended to test on the basic unit of the software, that may be module or perhaps component (Majchrzak, 2010). This testing is on the levels of the testing that contribute in order to make the big picture of the testing to be the whole system. Integration testing This is done when two or perhaps more tested units have been combined to a large structure (Majchrzak, 2010). The testing is usually done on the interfaces which can be between the components and the larger structure which is being constructed. System testing This testing usually intends to test on the end to end quality of the entire system. It is based on the functional as well as the requirements specifications of a given system (Hao Mendes, 2006). The quality attributes such as the security, maintainability as well as the reliability are all checked. Acceptance testing This is carried out when the complete system has been handed over to the clients or perhaps the users from the side of the developer (Verma Arora, 2014). Figure 1: This diagram highlights the various strategies for testing When is software testing done Testing of the software can be done at the start of the development of the software life cycle. Based on the respondent in Auckland highlighted that most of the errors which are identified are found in the testing phase that is already been introduced in the requirement of perhaps the design phase (Schwieren, Vossen Westerkamp, 2006). The defects which are identified later in the software development are very expensive to fix as comparison to the defects found in the early stages (Kaur Singh, 2014). The testing needs to start early in order to avoid the introduction of any defects in the early phase. The testing of the software early helps to achieve cost effectiveness. The testing start early in the development of the software in order to solve the problem as early as the bug are found, they become cheaper in order to fix them. In the requirement phase in case there is any issue or perhaps a conflict is found it would take little time to fix on the issue and it becomes much cheape r than fixing the bug in the actual testing (Schwieren, Vossen Westerkamp, 2006). If it was in the maintenance phase it means it costs more after the product is going to be produced (Kaur Singh, 2014). The testing should be designed as much as possible in order to find on the defects of the highest severity as well as the highest relevance to the users (Sung Paynter, 2006). Testing at the start helps to validate that the system has been developed based on the requirements of the users. The validation should be done to ensure that the developers are building on the right system, as well as helping in the making of the decision, which is important for the risk management. Conclusion The software testing is becoming very important when it comes to the development of the software and its importance has been recognized in the information technology industry. Nonetheless, the clear common guidelines as well as the standards which govern the software compact nature of numerous software advancement firms, most of the key elements were neglected and testing has not gained much recognition it should get. This continues to be predictable in several to the numerous developers particularly in which they had to be multi-skilled and testing function needs to be separated. The quality is the major focus to any of the software engineering project and without measuring, it could not be possible to understand the degree of the quality in a particular software. The strategies to the measurement of the quality are software testing techniques. This research has related to the various king of the testing technique which could be applied in the measuring of the various quality attrib utes. It is important to constantly to be able to summarize on the new achievements and propose on the various ideas to promote the study on software testing process. On the recommendation the test team should focus on finding on the defects in the software such as the deviation from the software requirements specification or perhaps any variance from the output that are required. Additionally, the developers should focus on the performance, the reliability in order to improve on the quality of the software. References Ammann, P., Offutt, J. (2016). Introduction to software testing. Cambridge University Press. Au, F. T., Baker, S., Warren, I., Dobbie, G. (2008, January). Automated usability testing framework. In Proceedings of the ninth conference on Australasian user interface- Volume 76 (pp. 55-64). Australian Computer Society, Inc.. Chauhan, R. K., Singh, I. (2014). Latest research and development on Software Testing Techniques and Tools. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 4(4). Cohen, M. B., Gibbons, P. B., Mugridge, W. B., Colbourn, C. J. (2003, May). Constructing test suites for interaction testing. In Software Engineering, 2003. Proceedings. 25th International Conference on (pp. 38-48). IEEE. Gelperin, D., Hetzel, B. (1988). The growth of software testing. Communications of the ACM, 31(6), 687-695. Grundy, J., Ding, G., Hosking, J. (2005). Deployed software component testing using dynamic validation agents. Journal of Systems and Software, 74(1), 5-14. Hao, J., Mendes, E. (2006, July). Usage-based statistical testing of web applications. In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Web engineering (pp. 17-24). ACM. Kasoju, A., Petersen, K., Mntyl, M. V. (2013). Analyzing an automotive testing process with evidence-based software engineering. Information and Software Technology, 55(7), 1237-1259. Kaur, M., Singh, R. (2014). A Review of software testing techniques. International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, 7(5), 463-474. Kuhn, D. R., Wallace, D. R., Gallo, A. M. (2004). Software fault interactions and implications for software testing. IEEE transactions on software engineering, 30(6), 418-421. Majchrzak, T. A. (2010, January). Best practices for the organizational implementation of software testing. In System Sciences (HICSS), 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on (pp. 1-10). IEEE. Myers, G. J., Sandler, C., Badgett, T. (2011). The art of software testing. John Wiley Sons. Patton, R. (2001). Software testing. Sams publishing. Richardson, D., O'Malley, O., Tittle, C. (1989). Approaches to specification-based testing (Vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 86-96). ACM. Rushby, J. (2005, October). Automated test generation and verified software. In Working Conference on Verified Software: Theories, Tools, and Experiments (pp. 161-172). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Schwieren, J., Vossen, G., Westerkamp, P. (2006). Using Software Testing Techniques for Efficient Handling of Programming Exercises in an e-Learning Platform. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 4(1), 87-94. Smith, J., Tessler, J., Kramer, E., Lin, C. (2012, September). Using peer review to teach software testing. In Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference on International computing education research (pp. 93-98). ACM. Singh, R., Arora, V. G. (2013). Practical approach for model based slicing (Doctoral dissertation). Sung, P. W. B., Paynter, J. (2006). Software testing practices in New Zealand. In Proceedings of the 19th annual conference of the national advisory committee on computing qualifications (pp. 273-282). Verma, V., Arora, V. G. (2014). Code and Model Based Test Sequence Generation for Multithreaded Programs (Doctoral dissertationn the companies in Auckland?

The developement of Free Jazz Essay Example For Students

The developement of Free Jazz Essay The Development of Free JazzAll music has to develop into something new and by the late 1950’s jazz was ready for a slight turn. A musical style called free jazz emerged with slight differences that has influenced most improvised music to this day. Some people despised this music’s lack of set form. They found it difficult to listen to because of the missing order and lack of pre-planed notes. Others embraced the new music and it’s emphasis on random feelings of emotion. For the men that developed free jazz it was a journey to find the â€Å"ultimate† expression in music. We will write a custom essay on The developement of Free Jazz specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There is no set definition for free jazz. â€Å"In free jazz, musicians improvise freely without adherence to time keeping patterns, conventional solo versus accompaniment roles, or the preset arrangement of harmonies (a chord progression) that commonly guided improvisation in earlier styles.(†Free Jazz† Encyclopedia Britannica Online)†Ornette Coleman, one of the leading men in free jazz, when asked the definition of free jazz said â€Å"In most music the composition determines the song, in free jazz, however, the song determines the composition.† By this he means that in free jazz the song depends on what is going on around the musician instead of already determined notes. People could say that that is true with improvised music in general but in much of improvised music there are set chord progressions that limit the notes that can be played at certain times. Free jazz brought about a more open and natural type of improvisation in music. There are a few major common elements in free jazz. Some times the music is based on the moment. The musician would play based on the mood in the room. He would ignore the chords and rhythms of the piece and use the energy in the room to make the piece best for that particular time. Sometimes there is collective improvisation in which some or all of the musicians are improvising at the same time. This is difficult because the musicians do not know what the other musicians are going to play next. And sometimes there is an odd or free time signature, and then music does not follow a strict tempo. A good example of this is mentioned in the book All you need is Love: the story of popular music. It says â€Å"Ornette Coleman†¦ slowed down or speeded up the tempo of his quartet at will, thus destroying all sense of regular meter or symmetry.† These ideas developed over time in certain musicians and later other musicians learned these styles from them. It is difficult to tell the history behind of free jazz with the many men that helped develop it. There were two men mainly credited with developing this style: Ornette Coleman and John Coltrane. Both men had separate careers but both created his own kind of free jazz. Ornette Coleman was best known for free jazz. His Album Free Jazz is where the name of this music was derived. Inspired by the music of Charlie Parker, Coleman started playing alto saxophone at 14 in 1944. When he started playing he made a mistake when reading the music. This mistake made him look at harmony and pitch differently.He later learned how to play the tenor saxophone and played in an RB band. People didn’t like his playing because it was not proper blues. After playing with a couple of other bands he took work not related to music but still studied music theory. In the Mid 50’s he found other musicians that respected his ideas. Doing some recordings he formed the Coleman Quartet and started playing at the New York’s Spot Cafe. He later recorded several albums including Free Jazz. By the end of the 60’s Coleman added electric guitars to his music and formed the band Prime Time. He called his music â€Å"Harmolodics† to symbolize the equal importance of harmony, melody and rhythm. .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .postImageUrl , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:hover , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:visited , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:active { border:0!important; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:active , .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5aa64b526edfe4193c499bc5f524267f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Biochemical Engineering EssayBorn in 1926, Coltrane played the alto saxophone at the Ornstein School of music in Philadelphia. He was influenced by the music that was later known as RB. Starting his career he played with a couple big bands. While playing for Dizzy Gillespie Big band he switched to the tenor saxophone. While Coltrane was playing with the Miles Davis band in 1955, Davis was criticized for his choice of a saxophonist because of Coltrane’s awkward sound. He was fired from Davis’s Band because of his heroin problems. That gave Coltrane the awakening he needed. He quit heroin and focused on his art. He worked with many well-know artists and released some recordings as a leader instead of a sideman. As his music evolved he studied world religions and music of different cultures allowing him to add more â€Å"flavor† to jazz. In the mid 60’s he emphasized more on expression and put more aggressiveness in his music known as avant-garde, which is like free jazz. During the 50’s and 60’s men like Ornette Coleman, John Coltrane, and others developed a form of jazz know as free jazz that â€Å"violated traditional structures, tonalities, forms, chord sequences, modes of improvisation, rhythms, and even the tempered scale. (†Free Jazz† Dictionary of American Pop/Rock)† Some people do not like it because of it’s â€Å"total disorder.† Free jazz took classical jazz and brought it into the modern era. Work Citedâ€Å"Free Jazz,† Dictionary of American Pop/RockNew York: Schimer Books 1982â€Å"Free Jazz,† Encyclopedia Britannica OnlineAccessed January 5, 2000â€Å"Coleman, Ornette,† The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular MusicChester: Guinness Publishing LTD, 1992 Vol. 4â€Å"Jazz Music History Legendary Free Jazz Avont Garde Musicians†Accessed February 7, 2000â€Å"Free Jazz,†Coleman, Ornette,† Microsoft Encarta 98 EncyclopediaMicrosoft Corporation 1993-1997â€Å"Free Jazz,† The New Grove Dictionary of Music MusiciansNew York: Macmillan publishers limited 1980 Vol. 6â€Å"John Coltrane,† Popular MusiciansPasadena: Salem Press, Inc. 1999 Vol. 1â€Å"Biographies: Ornette Coleman† takephivejazz.comAccessed February 7, 2000Ornette Coleman on UBL.com Music’s Homepage† UBL.COMaccessed February 7, 2000â€Å"The Unofficial Home of Free Jazz†Accessed February 7, 2000

Special Education Essays

Special Education Essays Special Education Essay Special Education Essay Education is one of the main pillars of countries. Many societies have made great progress by giving importance to the field of education. It is a world wide known fact that educated people make a undeniable contribution to the development of their countries. Also, education plays a significant role in transmitting accumulated knowledge, customs and values from one generation to the next. On the other hand, education has certain malfunctions in some stages of its framework. In this article, I ant to talk about special education for the students who lack of some learning abilities and the students who are given to special interests by educators. I want to begin with a book that I read before: House Rules by Jodi Picoult. This book tells a special child with Aspergers syndrome from a mothers tongue. Aspergers syndrome is a kind of autism and Jacob has its characteristics. For instance, structure is important for Jacob, thats why his mom created house rules: 1 . Tell the truth 2. Brush your teeth 3. Take care of your brother and so on. One day, Jess Ogivy, caretaker of Jacob, is found dead and nobody knows who really did it and all the suspicions on the boy with autism and nobody thinks the matter between Justice and illness. This book affected me deeply and I wanted to share it with you. My another point is the giving no importance to the students interests and abilities, and the fact that they are being misdirected are incredible mistakes because these really affect their future career and life in a negative way. Especially, this issue hasnt been taken into consideration eriously by experts or other authorized persons in our country. People around the students should be aware of the fact that every individual has his/her own interests and skills, and they should leave them kids alone about what they want to be and revealing their predominant attributes. All in all, I wanted to attract your attention and make people more sensitive towards these issues. Also, I wanted to emphasize the roles of parents and teachers about determining students future career and development of them in their interests.

Marbury v. Madison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marbury v. Madison - Essay Example The facts that surrounded Marbury’s case were very complex. To begin with, following the election of 1800; the emergent Democratic-Republican Party led by Thomas Jefferson won the election against the John Adam’s Federalist Party. This defeat by Thomas Jefferson created an atmosphere of partisan anxiety for the lame duck Federalists2. As Adams became close to completing his term in office, he appointed several justice of peace for the District of Columbia who were approved by the Senate and received the president’s approval. The President’s signature was affixed with the government’s official seal. The commissions were not delivered; nonetheless, upon President Jefferson’s assumption of office by March 5, 1801, he ordered his Secretary of State by the name of James Madison, not to deliver the commissions. One of the appointees called William Marbury, and then filed a petition to the Supreme Court for a legal order or a writ of mandamus that aimed at compelling Madison to show the reasons behind him not being eligible to receive his commission. Chief Justice Marshall was called upon to solve the case, and was to respond to three questions. One of the questions was to determine whether Marbury has a right to writ for which he petitioned. The second one was whether the U.S. laws permitted the court to grant Marbury such a legal order. The third question was, if they did, could such a writ be supplied by the Supreme Court3? Responding to the first question, Marshal made a ruling that stated that Marbury had been legitimately appointed in accordance to the law, and thus, had a right to the writ. He further stated that since Marbury had a legal right to his commission and the law was to award him a remedy. The Chief Justice went ahead and indicated that it was the particular obligation of the courts to protect

Starbucks's finacial analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starbucks's finacial analysis - Essay Example The cost of equity is calculated by the formula: Ce = Rf + (Em-Rf)*b, where The cost of debt of Starbucks is very low as the company has the vision to attain minimum debt. The amount of debt raised by Starbucks is very low. Due to the tax shield, the cost of debt of Starbucks is very low. The tax rate of Starbucks is 32.8%. The cost of equity and the cost of debt of Starbucks are multiplied respectively to the respective proportions of the debt and equity. The weighted cost of debt and weighted cost of equity are added to find the weighted average cost of capital (Yahoo finance, 2013). The weighted average cost of capital of Starbucks is 11.14%. The earnings before interest and taxes of Starbucks are about 15.7% of the total revenue in 2012. The earnings before interest and tax are the net earnings after operation before interest and taxes are paid (Baker and  Powell, 2009). The increase in EBIT over the last three years is depicted in the table given below. The FCF for Starbucks has been calculated below with the help of formula: Net Earnings before paying interest and tax * (1- tax rate) + Amortization and Depreciation – Net change in working capital – Capital Expenditure. The depreciation and amortization expense of the company consists of the expenses written off by the loss of valuation of its assets due to usage and part of the expenses due to repayment of the loans consisting of principal and interest payments. The depreciation and amortization of the company has increased by 5.56% from 2011 to 2012. The working capital of Starbucks is determined as the net of the current assets after meeting the current liabilities of the company to run its daily operations. The working capital of Starbucks has changed over the years which could be indicated by the trend of change in working capital over the years (Khan, 2004). The compounded annual growth rate

The play The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

The play The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay The play The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare is one of the English playwrights’ most popular plays, both on the stage and in classrooms. Although often thought of as one of his simplest and most straightforward plays, The Tragedy of Macbeth is actually one of Shakespeare’s most successful attempts at exploring different gender roles and disrupting gender roles which were considered to be â€Å"norms† in his era. One of the first examples of Shakespeare disrupting gender roles with Lady Macbeth is in Act 1, Scene 5. According to Lady Macbeth, Macbeth is too kind and weak-minded to kill Duncan and become King. She, therefore, resolves to â€Å"pour my spirits in thine ear, and chastise with the valor of my tongue†, which is another way of saying that she will keep nagging and pester him to go through with the deed and kill Duncan so that he may become king. In Shakespeare’s time, men were the dominant one in a marriage. Women were supposed to obey their husbands without question and essentially to be â€Å"ruled over† similarly to how an empire is ruled over by an emperor. When Shakespeare wrote this play, it was unheard of and perhaps even unimaginable for a woman to be the dominant one in a relationship. It is very likely that Shakespeare’s audience would have been scandalized by the sight of a woman taking control of a relationship and would have viewed it as tantamount to treason. The most widely used example of Shakespeare disrupting gender norms in Macbeth is in Act 1 Scene 5 in Lady Macbeth’s famous soliloquy: Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst cruelty. Make thick my blood. Stop up th\ access and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose, nor keep the peace between Th\ effect and it. Come to my woman\s breasts, And take my milk for gall, you murd\ring ministers, Wherever in your sightless substances You wait on nature\s mischief. In this segment, Lady Macbeth calls upon evil spirits to turn her into the man that she needs to be to carry out her plan to assassinate Duncan by taking her breast milk, typically used to portray gentleness, kindness, and motherhood. This is the first time in the play that the audience really gets to see Lady Macbeth’s true nature, and how evil and mentally unstable she is. In Shakespeare’s time, seeing a woman behave this way would no doubt have made many people very uncomfortable. One other example of gender stereotypes affecting Macbeth’s plot takes place in Act 2, Scene 3. After the murder of Duncan by Macbeth, Macduff says to Lady Macbeth: O gentle lady, Tis not for you to hear what I can speak. The repetition in a womans ear, Would murder as it fell. This line shows how much Macduff is tied to the old stereotype of gentle, kind and compassionate women. Because of this, he never once suspects Lady Macbeth of being involved in Duncan’s murder because he doesn’t believe that a woman can even hear or speak on the topic of murder, let alone plan and carry out the deed herself. This proves to be critical to the plot. If Macduff had set aside his prejudices about what women supposedly can and can’t do, then he might have even begun to suspect Lady Macbeth of orchestrating Duncan’s assassination. I for one believe that Lady Macbeth was aware of these prevalent prejudices and stereotypes and was counting on them to deflect suspicion off of her so she and Macbeth would have an unobstructed path to the throne. But perhaps the best example of a character in Macbeth refuting a men’s stereotype comes from Macduff in Act 4 Scene 3 after the death of his wife and child. The conversation between him and Malcolm takes place as follows: MACDUFF He has no children. All my pretty ones? Did you say \ all\? O hell-kite! All? What, all my pretty chickens and their dam At one fell swoop? MALCOLM Dispute it like a man. MACDUFF I shall do so, But I must also feel it as a man. I cannot but remember such things were That were most precious to me. In this short excerpt, upon hearing about the tragedy that has taken place, Malcolm tells Macduff to fight it like a man, to which Macduff replies that will do just that, but he has to feel it as well as fight it. A little later he states: Oh, I could play the woman with my eyes, And braggart with my tongue! This tells us that he is weeping for the loss of his wife and child and feeling and acknowledging his sorrow. During Shakespeare’s time, it was expected that men, when beset with such tragedies, would quickly convert their sorrow into white-hot rage instead of really mourning the loss of their loved ones in the way we do today. Macduff, by literally weeping for his family, breaks this gender norm and allows Shakespeare to show his audience that it is not dishonorable for full-grown men to show emotion- in fact, it is the exact opposite. In summary, The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare is one of the best examples of any author/playwright disrupting gender norms in the 16th-17th century. Several of the characters in this play act out of what was considered ordinary or even acceptable at that time period. As seen in paragraph 4, even the plot is, to an extent, dependent on one of the characters (Macduff) being unsuspicious of Lady Macbeth simply because she is a woman.